Serum and Urine S100A8 as a New Biomarker of Lupus Nephritis

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Sayed G.K.; Hussein A.M.; Muhammad D.M.; Salah L.; Abdelhadi M.

Journal: Annals of African Medicine

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications

Publication Date: 24 December 2025

Volume / Issue: Volume 25 / Issue 5

Pages: 1033–1038

ISSN: 15963519

DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_429_25

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 41439532

Document Type: Review

Access: All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Sayed G.K., Department of Nephrology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt; Hussein A.M., Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; Muhammad D.M., Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; Salah L., Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt; Abdelhadi M., Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) requiring reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring. This study set out to assess serum and urinary S100A8 as potential biomarkers for LN and investigate their correlation with traditional disease markers. This case-control research comprised 70 participants: 30 LN patients, 20 non-LN SLE patients, and 20 healthy controls. Disease activity was assessed using SLEDAI-2K scores. Serum and urinary S100A8 levels were measured using ELISA. Serum and urinary S100A8 levels were significantly higher in LN patients compared to both non-LN SLE patients and controls (p<0.001). Both markers showed positive correlations with ESR, UPCR, and SLEDAI-2K scores (p<0.05). Serum S100A8 demonstrated 70% sensitivity and 80% specificity at a cutoff >1340 pg/ml (AUC=0.835, p<0.001), while urinary S100A8 showed 83.33% sensitivity and 47.5% specificity at >904 pg/ml (AUC=0.827, p<0.001) for LN diagnosis. Serum and urinary S100A8 levels correlate significantly with LN disease activity and demonstrate promising diagnostic potential. These findings suggest S100A8 could serve as a valuable biomarker for LN diagnosis and monitoring, complementing existing disease markers. © 2025 Annals of African Medicine.

Keywords

Biomarker; lupus nephritis; S100A8; systemic lupus erythematosus; Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; calgranulin A; creatinine; adult; case control study; clinical article; controlled study; diagnostic test accuracy study; disease activity; disease marker; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; female; human; lupus erythematosus nephritis; male; predictive value; protein blood level; protein creatinine ratio; protein urine level; receiver operating characteristic; Review; sensitivity and specificity; SLEDAI

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 1

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