Gut microbiome and gastric cancer: microbial interactions and therapeutic potential

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Elghannam M.T.; Hassanien M.H.; Ameen Y.A.; Turky E.A.; ELattar G.M.; ELRay A.A.; ELTalkawy M.D.

Journal: Gut Pathogens

Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd

Publication Date: 26 July 2025

Volume / Issue: Volume 17 / Issue 1

Article No.: 56

ISSN: 17574749

DOI: 10.1186/s13099-025-00729-w

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Review

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Elghannam M.T., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; Hassanien M.H., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; Ameen Y.A., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; Turky E.A., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; ELattar G.M., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; ELRay A.A., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt; ELTalkawy M.D., Hepatogastroenterology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt

Abstract

The development of gastric cancer is significantly influenced by the intestinal microbiota, with H. pylori serving as a major risk factor. Through genotoxic effects, persistent inflammation, and metabolic changes, other microbes also play a role. It has been demonstrated that cancer patients and healthy people have different microbiome compositions. Cancer can be inhibited or promoted by the gut microbiota and its metabolites. The relationship between intestinal flora, bacterial extracellular vesicles, and the tumor microenvironment directly affects tumor progression and efficacy of anti-tumor medications, indicating the importance of the tumor microenvironment in tumor survival. Gastrointestinal malignancies may be brought on by the gut microbiome’s dysregulation of non-coding RNA expression. Non-coding RNAs are intriguing avenues for future therapeutic and diagnostic research. The tumor microenvironment is altered by bacterial extracellular vesicles, which may have an effect on immunosuppression, treatment resistance, metastasis, and cancer progression. Further research is required to completely understand the involvement of non-coding RNAs in GI cancers. By modifying drug metabolism and absorption, which have a substantial impact on healing efficacy and serious impact profiles, the dynamic changes in gut microbiota also have a considerable impact on the results of anti-cancer treatment. Improved treatment approaches may arise from a better understanding of the role of the microbiome in gastric malignancies. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords

Diagnostic implications; Gastric cancer; Gut microbiota; Therapeutic potentials; untranslated RNA; absorption; antineoplastic activity; cancer growth; cancer inhibition; cancer patient; cancer survival; chronic inflammation; drug metabolism; drug therapy; exosome; gastrointestinal cancer; genotoxicity; gut microbiome; Helicobacter pylori; human; immunosuppressive treatment; intestine flora; male; metabolite; metastasis; microbial interaction; nonhuman; review; risk factor; stomach cancer; therapy; tumor growth; tumor microenvironment

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 9

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