Comparative chemical and biological optimized saccharification pretreatment of rice straw by local fungal strains with native cbh1 gene expression

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Selim M.N.; Shawky B.T.; El-Sherbiny G.M.; Moghannem S.A.; El-Araby R.E.; Khedr M.; Abdel-Aziz M.S.

Journal: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

Publication Date: 23 May 2025

Volume / Issue: Volume 15 / Issue 18

Pages: 25171–25188

ISSN: 21906815

DOI: 10.1007/s13399-025-06875-0

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Authors and Affiliations

Selim M.N., Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, 33433, FL, United States; Shawky B.T., Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt; El-Sherbiny G.M., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; Moghannem S.A., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; El-Araby R.E., Central, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt; Khedr M., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; Abdel-Aziz M.S., Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt

Abstract

Burning rice straw has generated harmful risks to human health and the environment. The world’s energy requirements are constantly rising due to growth and sustainable development in different countries. Rice straw represents the potential source for replacing fossil fuels as a sustainable and renewable feedstock for energy generation; it was calculated to be about 3.5 million tons annually in Egypt. This study aims to compare fungal and chemical pretreatment to improve the saccharification of rice straw for biofuel production. Rice straw and three fungal strains (two isolates, Trichoderma saturnisporum MN1-EGY (T. saturnisporum), Aspergillus niger MN2-EGY (A. niger), and standard strain Pleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3501 (P. ostreatus)) were used to achieve this purpose. A cellulolytic enzyme complex, including exoglucanase (FP-ase), endoglucanase (CMC-ase), β-glucosidase, and xylanase, was determined during all incubation periods of fungal-treated rice straw. Pretreatment of rice straw with 1.5% NaOH achieved the most efficient delignification, reducing lignin content from 18.40 to 4.40% and resulting in a weight loss of 45%. Under these conditions, a cellulase enzyme cocktail from T. saturnisporum and A. niger achieved a saccharification yield of 0.4 g glucose/g dry substrate. A. niger exhibits the highest gene expression fold of cbh1 with 0.5-folds, while T. saturnisporum showed 0.4-fold gene expression; P. ostreatus showed 0.2 folds of gene expression. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords

Biological pretreatment; Chemical pretreatment; Local fungal strains; Native cbh1 gene expression; Rice straw; Chemicals; Delignification; Folding Endurance; Niger; Pretreatment; Saccharification; Trichoderma; Aspergillus; Yeast; Biological pre-treatment; Chemical pre-treatment; Fungal strains; Genes expression; Local fungal strain; Pre-treatments; Rice straws; Transcription

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 1

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