Genetic, phytochemical and morphological identification and genetic diversity of selected Moringa species

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Hamada F.A.; Sabah S.S.; Mahdy E.M.B.; El-Raouf H.S.A.; El-Taher A.M.; El-leel O.F.A.; Althobaiti A.T.; Ghareeb M.A.; Randhir R.; Randhir T.O.

Journal: Scientific Reports

Publisher: Nature Research

Publication Date: 16 December 2024

Volume / Issue: Volume 14 / Issue 1

Article No.: 30476

ISSN: 20452322

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-79148-x

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 39681573

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Hamada F.A., Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt; Sabah S.S., Desertification Department, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah, Iraq; Mahdy E.M.B., National Gene Bank (NGB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt; El-Raouf H.S.A., Department of Agricultural Botany, Agriculture Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt; El-Taher A.M., Department of Agricultural Botany, Agriculture Faculty, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt; El-leel O.F.A., Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept, Horticultural Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt; Althobaiti A.T., Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia; Ghareeb M.A., Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Giza, Imbaba, 12411, Egypt; Randhir R., Department of Biology, Springfield Technical Community College, Springfield, 01105, MA, United States; Randhir T.O., Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 01003, MA, United States

Abstract

Moringa is the sole genus in the family Moringaceae used for medicinal and nutrient purposes. Morphological features, phytochemical attributes, and molecular characterization were used for the genetic association and classification among Moringa oleifera, M. peregrina, and M. stenopetala. Moringa peregrina recorded a similarity of 84% lonely and placed M. stenopetala with M. oleifera into a cluster score with a similarity of 95.3%. M. peregrina is characterized by phenolic content (243 mg/100 g), flavonoids (7 mg/100 g), and antioxidant activity (1226.85 mg/100 g). GC-MS analysis revealed that M. oleifera contained twenty compounds with 2-decenal (E) (39.14%), 2-undecenal (15.51%), nonanal (3.60%), and 2-octenal, (E) (2.48%), while M. peregrina identified eighteen compounds with 2-decenal (Z) (25.42%), 2-docecen-1-al (9.35%), and 13-Docosenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z) (4.16%). M. stenopetala identified fifteen compounds containing 2-decenal (E) (26.67%), 2-undecenal (24.10%), and nonanal (4.40%). A broad sense of similarity has been scored between M. oleifera and M. stenopetala by the phytochemical compositions, especially the similarity in the main compounds such as 2-decenal (E), 2-undecenal, and nonanal. It can be concluded that efforts need to be expanded to pay attention to study Moringa taxa, due to the rarity of Moringa peregrina, and the focus should be on sustainable utilization and conservation. The potential of these taxa would greatly benefit indigenous species in terms of their maintenance, and there is a need for more comprehensive bio-prospecting studies. Therefore, this study evaluates the variability among Moringa and highlights the significance of leaf and seed ultrastructure to provide more information and evaluate potential approaches. © The Author(s) 2024.

Keywords

GC-MS analysis; Molecular verification; Moringa; Phenological description; Phytochemistry; Antioxidants; Flavonoids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Genetic Variation; Moringa oleifera; Phenols; Phylogeny; Phytochemicals; antioxidant; flavonoid; phenol derivative; phytochemical; chemistry; classification; genetics; mass fragmentography

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 8

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