Molluscicidal activity of sodium hypochlorite against Biomphlaria alexandrina snails: Immunological and hepato-endocrine alterations with in silico docking study

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Ibrahim A.M.; Hamed M.T.; EL-Khadragy M.F.; Morad M.Y.

Journal: Parasite Epidemiology and Control

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd

Publication Date: November 2023

Volume / Issue: Volume 23

Article No.: e00331

ISSN: 24056731

DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00331

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Ibrahim A.M., Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt; Hamed M.T., Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt; EL-Khadragy M.F., Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia; Morad M.Y., Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a tropical disease that widely neglected. Schistosoma mansoni reproduce asexually within the freshwater snail, Biomphlaria alexandrina. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a widely used disinfectant, so its effect against gainst B. alexandrina snails was evaluated. The present results showed that NaOCl has a molluscicidal activity against adult B. alexandrina snails at LC50 1.25 ppm. Hemocytes displayed varied morphological forms after being exposed to the LC10 and LC25 concentrations of NaOCl in B. alexandrina snails, and the phagocytic index of B. alexandrina snail's hemocytes significantly increased. The phagocytic potency of exposed hemocytes to charcoal showed ruptured plasma membrane, engulfed particles, vacuolation in the cytoplasm and degeneration of nuclei. When B. alexandrina snails were treated with sublethal concentrations of NaOCl, transaminases (AST & ALT), alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were significantly increased. In contrast, the total protein, albumin concentrations, Testosterone (T) and 17β Estradiol (E) showed a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) as compared to the control groups. The molecular docking interaction showed high efficiency for the ligand, NaOCl against the receptor binding sites of the acid phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, estrogen and testosterone. The present results showed that NaOCl could be used as an effective molluscicide against B. alexandrina snails but more attention should be paid to investigate the side effects on the non-target organisms living in the freshwater environment. © 2023

Keywords

Biochemical analysis; Biomphlaria alexandrina snails; Endocrine disruption; Molecular docking; Schistosoma mansoni; Sodium hypochlorite; acid phosphatase; alanine aminotransferase; estradiol; estrogen; hypochlorite sodium; animal tissue; Article; binding site; blood cell; controlled study; cytoplasm; LC10; LC50; molluscicidal activity; nonhuman; schistosomiasis; snail

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 5

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