Impact of Adipokines in Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilatation in Lupus Nephritis

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Ali A.Y.; Abdullah H.; Abdallah M.F.H.; Fayed A.

Journal: Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications

Publication Date: 20 June 2023

Volume / Issue: Volume 33 / Issue 2

Pages: 272–279

ISSN: 13192442

DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.379025

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 37417179

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Ali A.Y., Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Abdullah H., Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Abdallah M.F.H., Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt; Fayed A., Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction is evident in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Pro-inflammatory adipokines are involved in endothelial derangement and premature atherosclerosis, particularly in lupus nephritis (LN). This study aimed to investigate the impact of LN on endothelial function by estimating the serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and calculating the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. This is a case–control study in which 190 systemic lupus patients who were fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology revised classification were enrolled. The patients were divided into 100 LN patients and 90 lupus non-nephritis patients. Demographic data, clinical parameters, and SLE activity were reported. Serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and HOMA-IR were measured. The endothelial dysfunction was assessed by calculating the FMD of the brachial artery. The mean age of participants was 25.62 ± 5.81 years. Elevated levels of adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, and HOMA-IR were observed in LN cases (12.2 ± 0.3, 20.1 ± 0.5, 16.8 ± 0.1, and 12.0 ± 3.8, respectively) compared to non-nephritis cases (12.2 ± 0.3, 8.5 ± 0.5, 16.8 ± 0.5, and 9.0 ± 3.8, respectively) with a more reduced FMD percentage in LN cases with a statistical significance. Brachial artery FMD is negatively correlated with lipid profile, adipokines, and HOMA. Visfatin has better sensitivity (82.1%) and specificity (81%) with the area under a curve of 0.893, compared to other biomarkers. LN patients are characterized by impaired endothelial function. Elevated serum adiponectin, visfatin, and HOMA-IR were significantly correlated with poor FMD of the brachial artery. Visfatin has a better performance in detecting atherosclerosis. © 2022 Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation.

Keywords

Adipokines; Adiponectin; Adult; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Brachial Artery; Case-Control Studies; Dilatation; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Leptin; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lupus Nephritis; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; Young Adult; adipocytokine; biological marker; case control study; diagnostic imaging; human; lupus erythematosus nephritis; systemic lupus erythematosus

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 2

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