An appraisal of Luffa aegyptiaca extract and its isolated triterpenoidal saponins in Trichinella spiralis murine models

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Sh. Mohammed H.; Ghareeb M.A.; Aboushousha T.; Adel Heikal E.; Abu El wafa S.A.

Journal: Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

Publication Date: November 2022

Volume / Issue: Volume 15 / Issue 11

Article No.: 104258

ISSN: 18785352

DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104258

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Sh. Mohammed H., Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11311, Egypt; Ghareeb M.A., Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt; Aboushousha T., Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt; Adel Heikal E., Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Abu El wafa S.A., Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11311, Egypt

Abstract

Trichinella spiralis is an intestinal and tissue parasitic nematode, emerging and re-emerging causative agent of a serious foodborne parasitic infection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Luffa aegyptiaca leaf extract and its triterpene glycosides on the intestinal and muscle stages of T. spiralis infection in vitro and in vivo. Phytochemical investigations of the extract led to the isolation of five compounds, namely (1) 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-16-O-β-hydroxyolea12-en 23, 28-β-D-diglucopyranoside ester, (2) 3β-hydroxylolea12-en-28-oic acid (Oleanoic acid), (3) oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranoside, (4) 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-β-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolate, and (5) stigmast-5, 22-dien-3-O-β-D-glucopyrano-side. Moreover, the in vitro study showed marked degeneration and destruction of adult worms and larval teguments with tested drugs. Also, in the in vivo study, mice were divided into six groups; group I: infected and untreated, group II: received leaf extract as prophylaxis, group III: infected and treated with leaf extract, group IV: treated with compound (4), group V: treated with compound (1), and group VI: treated with albendazole. Furthermore, the treatment efficacy was assessed by the adult and total larval counts, histopathological study of the small intestinal and muscle tissues, and immunohistochemical staining of CD34 in muscles. The results revealed a significant reduction of total adult and larval counts in prophylactic and treated groups compared to the positive control group, with a reduction of total adult count by 63.48% and 74.4% in compound (1) and compound (4) treated groups, respectively. Also, a reduction was detected in larval counts by 36.5%, and 93.6% in compound (1) and compound (4) treated groups during both the muscular and intestinal phases, respectively. Additionally, histopathological examination of the small intestine and muscles showed marked improvement with a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrates in treated groups. CD34 expressions were reduced in treated groups with more reduction in compound (4) treated group. In conclusion, this study implies that L. aegyptiaca leaf extract and its tested triterpene glycosides might be used for anti-trichinellosis treatments. © 2022 The Author(s)

Keywords

Albendazole; CD34; Inflammation; Luffa aegyptiaca; Trichinella spiralis; Triterpenoidal saponins; Carboxylic acids; Mammals; % reductions; In-vitro; Leaf extracts; Luffa aegyptiacum; Triterpene glycosides; Triterpenoidal saponin; Muscle

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 15

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