Molluscicidal and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles on the multi-species of snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Zayed K.M.; Guo Y.-H.; Lv S.; Zhang Y.; Zhou X.-N.

Journal: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Publisher: Public Library of Science

Publication Date: 10 October 2022

Volume / Issue: Volume 16 / Issue 10

Article No.: e0010667

ISSN: 19352727

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010667

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 36215300

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Zayed K.M., Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Guo Y.-H., National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Lv S., National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Zhang Y., National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Zhou X.-N., National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Abstract

Background Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is the second important parasitic disease after malaria. The present study aimed to evaluate the molluscicidal effects of silver nanoparticles on Biomphalaria alexandrina, B. glabrata, Oncomelania hupensis, snail intermediate hosts of intestinal schistosomes (i.e. Schistosoma mansoni and S. japonicum), along with the changes their antioxidant enzymes. Methods Silver (Ag) nano powder (Ag-NPs) was selected to test the molluscicidal effects on three species of freshwater snails. Exposure to Ag-NPs induced snail mortality and the LC50 and LC90 values of Ag-NPs for each snail species were calculated by probit analysis. Control snails were maintained under the same experimental conditions in dechlorinated water. Snail hemolymph was collected to measure the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as total antioxidants capacity (TCA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and nitric oxide (NO). In addition, the non-target organism, Daphnia magna, was exposed to a series of Ag-NPs con-centration, similar to the group of experimental snails, in order to evaluate the LC50 and LC90 and compare these values to those obtained for the targeted snails. Results The results indicated that Ag-NPs had a molluscicidal effect on tested snails with the variation in lethal concentration. The LC50 values of Ag-NPs for B. alexandrina snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 7.91, 5.69, 3.83 and 1.91 parts per million (ppm), respec-tively. The LC50 values for B. glabrata snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 16.55, 10.44, 6.91 and 4.13 ppm, respectively, while the LC50 values for O. hupensis snails exposed for 24, 48, 72 hrs and 7 days were 46.5, 29.85, 24.49 and 9.62 ppm, respectively. Moreover, there is no mortality detected on D. magna when exposed to more than double and half concentration (50 ppm) of Ag-NPs during a continuous period of 3 hrs, whereas the LC90 value for B. alexandrina snails was 18 ppm. The molluscicidal effect of the synthesized Ag-NPs seems to be linked to a potential reduction of the antioxidant activity in the snail’s hemolymph. Conclusions Synthesized Ag-NPs have a clear molluscicidal effect against various snail intermediate hosts of intestinal schistosome parasites and could potentially serve as next generation molluscicides. © 2022 Zayed et al.

Keywords

Animals; Antioxidants; Biomphalaria; Catalase; Glutathione; Metal Nanoparticles; Molluscacides; Nitric Oxide; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Silver; Water; molluscacide; nitric oxide synthase; reactive oxygen metabolite; silver nanoparticle; superoxide dismutase; antioxidant; metal nanoparticle; Acutodesmus obliquus; antioxidant activity; Article; Biomphalaria alexandrina; Biomphalaria glabrata; controlled study; Daphnia magna; enzyme activity; enzyme assay; hemolymph; intermediate host; molluscicidal activity; mortality; nonhuman; Oncomelania hupensis; snail; spectrophotometry; total antioxidant capacity; transmission electron microscopy; X ray diffraction; animal

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 19

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