Phenotypic changes of Trichinella spiralis treated by Commiphora molmol,Lepidium sativum, and Albendazole: in vitro study

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Abuelenain G.L.; Fahmy Z.H.; Elshennawy A.M.; Selim E.H.A.; Elhakeem M.; Hassanein K.M.A.; Awad S.M.

Journal: Helminthologia (Poland)

Publisher: Sciendo

Publication Date: 4 May 2022

Volume / Issue: Volume 59 / Issue 1

Pages: 37–45

ISSN: 4406605

DOI: 10.2478/helm-2022-0005

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Abuelenain G.L., Parasitology Lab, Department Of Immunology And Drug Evaluation, Tbri, Giza, Egypt; Fahmy Z.H., Parasitology Lab, Department Of Immunology And Drug Evaluation, Tbri, Giza, Egypt; Elshennawy A.M., Parasitology Lab, Department Of Immunology And Drug Evaluation, Tbri, Giza, Egypt; Selim E.H.A., Parasitology Lab, Department Of Immunology And Drug Evaluation, Tbri, Giza, Egypt; Elhakeem M., Water Resources And Environmental Engineering, Adu, United Arab Emirates, University Of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States; Hassanein K.M.A., Electron Microscope Department, Assuit University, Asyut, Egypt; Awad S.M., Fatima College Of Health Sciences, Iat, Adu, United Arab Emirates

Abstract

Trichinellosis is a nematode-causing disease distinguished by its continuous transmission in the carnivores and omnivores. Despite effective eradication of the enteral forms, conventional drugs fail to eliminate the migrating and muscle ones. Over the past years, researchers intensified the work on herbal medicines as alternatives or aids to albendazole, the reference drug. This research hypothesizes that the therapeutic agent absorption route could be an evidence-based carrier molecule or auxiliary drug to albendazole. Accordingly, this in vitro study was designed to investigate mainly the phenotypic changes induced by a mono-treatment of albendazole, Lipidium sativum (garden cress), and Commiphora molmol (myrrh). Incredibly, no data were reported on the morphological alterations of T. spiralis larvae treated by any of these drugs. The experimental design tested various concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) of each herbal medicine for the lethal effects on the parasite forms for a day (1, 12, and 24h). The data showed that the highest significant mortality rate of the parasite forms was in favor of the concentration 200 μg/ml of both plant extracts in a time-dependent manner. Therefore, albendazole at 200 μg/ml dose was tested in parallel, and all experimental groups were compared to non-treated muscle larvae and worms. Albendazole-treated worms accounted for the least significant (p<0.001) survival rate (2 %), followed by myrrh (5 %), and the adverse was valid for the survival rate of the muscle larvae at that time. None of the larvae/worms was alive after 24 hours of incubation with the 200μg/ml of either treatment. The scanning electron microscope investigation of the experimental groups provided a shred of evidence for different routes of taking up the candidate drugs by the parasite. In conclusion, the results of the previous work in vivo and current in vitro study recommend myrrh over garden cress as a complementary agent of albendazole. © 2022 G. L. Abuelenain, Z. H. Fahmy, A. M. Elshennawy, E. H. A. Selim, M. Elhakeem, K. M. A. Hassanein, S. M. Awad, published by Sciendo.

Keywords

albendazole; auxiliary drug; Complimentary drug; Drug discovery; garden cress; myrrh; Trichinella spiralis

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 13

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