Eco-friendly design of superhydrophobic nano-magnetite/silicone composites for marine foul-release paints

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Selim M.S.; Elmarakbi A.; Azzam A.M.; Shenashen M.A.; EL-Saeed A.M.; El-Safty S.A.

Journal: Progress in Organic Coatings

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

Publication Date: March 2018

Volume / Issue: Volume 116

Pages: 21–34

ISSN: 3009440

DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.12.008

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Authors and Affiliations

Selim M.S., National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukubashi, 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan, Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt; Elmarakbi A., Faculty of Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, University of Sunderland, St Peter's Campus, St Peter's Way, Sunderland, SR6 0DD, United Kingdom; Azzam A.M., National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukubashi, 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan, Environmental Research Department, Teodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, 12411, Egypt; Shenashen M.A., National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukubashi, 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan, Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt; EL-Saeed A.M., Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt; El-Safty S.A., National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukubashi, 305-0047, Ibaraki-ken, Japan, Faculty of Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, University of Sunderland, St Peter's Campus, St Peter's Way, Sunderland, SR6 0DD, United Kingdom

Abstract

Advances in nanomaterials science are associated with developments fabrication methods in terms of energy saving, environment friendliness, and low cost. Self-cleaning nanocoatings with fouling release (FR) mechanism have been extensively investigated because of their non-stick, non-leachant, ecological, and economic advantages. Herein, we successfully modeled a series of self-cleaning technologies by using elastiometric siloxane polymer/nano-magnetite composites. The nanocomposite systems are dynamic non-stick surfaces and deter any fouling attachment through physical anti-adhesion. A series of superhydrophobic nanocomposites were synthesized through solution casting using different concentrations of nano-magnetite fillers. The fillers Exhibit 10–20 nm particle diameter range and spherical shape facet mainly with the {311} crystal lattice plane. The composites were dispersed in linear ἀ,ὼ-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Wettability characteristics, such as hydrophobicity, roughness, and free energy, were investigated by water contact angle analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to evaluate self-cleaning and FR features. The nanocomposites were also subjected to various tests on surface adhesion and mechanical properties, such as tensile modulus, impact, T-bending, crosscut, and abrasion resistance. The anticorrosive features were investigated through salt spray test in 5 wt.% NaCl. Microfoulants of diatoms and bacterial progenies were selected and used to assess the anti-adhesion performance of the tailored nanosurfaces. The biological tests in laboratory was confirmed with a 3-month natural seawater field trial which indicated excellent inhibition of diatoms and bacterial growth and approved superior antifouling FR potential of the polymer/nano-magnetite (0.5%) composite hybrid coatings. This study provides insights into how structure–property relationship can enhance biological antiadhesion and FR performance. The uniform distribution of the nano-magnetite particles improved their water repellency, smoothness, and biological inertness. The particles also exhibited high static contact angle of about 153° ± 2° and low surface free energy with the lotus effect. The bulk properties and durability as well as anticorrosive properties were improved. The PDMS/magnetite nanomodels possess numerous advantages, such as simplicity, non-toxicity, environmental sustainability, commercial feasibility, low fuel consumption, and desirable self-cleaning surfaces with durability characteristics. © 2017

Keywords

Bacterial progenies; Fouling release; Good-distribution; Lotus effect; Nano-magnetite fillers; Nanocomposites; Adhesion; Algae; Atomic force microscopy; Bacteria; Bending tests; Cleaning; Composite coatings; Contact angle; Corrosion protection; Corrosion resistance; Durability; Energy conservation; Field emission microscopes; Fillers; Fouling; Free energy; Hydrophobicity; Magnetite; Microchannels; Phytoplankton; Polydimethylsiloxane; Scanning electron microscopy; Silicones; Sustainable development; Environmental sustainability; Field emission scanning electron microscopy; Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS; Wettability characteristics; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 109

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