Evaluation of artesunate and praziquantel combination therapy in murine schistosomiasis mansoni

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Hegazy L.A.M.; Al Motiam M.H.; Abd El-Aal N.F.; Ibrahim S.M.; Mohamed H.K.

Journal: Iranian Journal of Parasitology

Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)

Publication Date: 2018

Volume / Issue: Volume 13 / Issue 2

Pages: 193–203

ISSN: 17357020

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Authors and Affiliations

Hegazy L.A.M., Dept. of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Al Motiam M.H., Dept. of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Abd El-Aal N.F., Dept. of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Ibrahim S.M., Dept. of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Mohamed H.K., Dept. of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Despite the global efforts to control schistosomiasis, still prevalence in endemic regions unchanged. The present study was conducted to investigate the possible role of artesunate (AS) and praziquantel (PZQ) combination in enhancing cure in pre-patent and patent Schistosoma mansoni infection, and study the role of apoptosis in evaluation of the drugs efficacy. Methods: Eighty laboratory-bred Swiss albino male mice were classified into four groups (20 mice each); control, PZQ treated (500 mg/kg), AS treated (400 mg/kg) and combined AS (400 mg/kg) + PZQ (500 mg/g) groups. Efficacy of the drugs was assessed by parasitological (egg count/gram stool, worm burden, tissue egg load, oogram pattern), histopathological (haematoxylin and eosin –for detection of type of hepatic granulomas, number & diameter) and immunohistochemical studies (P53 and Bcl-2 markers for determination of inflammatory cells and the degree of apoptosis). Results: Significant reduction was recorded in stool egg count, tissue egg count (liver and intestine), worm burden, granuloma number and size and changed oogram patterns in artesunate-praziquantel combined group followed by artesunate monotherapy group. There was a significant increase in the apoptotic proteins P53 and slight increase in anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 in the infected group compared to the control healthy group. A significant decrease and increase in P53 & Bcl-2 expressions respectively were observed in artesunate – praziquantel combined group compared to control infected group. Conclusion: artesunate-praziquantel combination is a potential upcoming chemotherapy for schistosomiasis mansoni. Both Bcl-2 and P53 are good markers assessing S. mansoni apoptosis, morbidity and chemotherapy efficacy. © 2018, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). All rights reserved.

Keywords

Apoptosis; Artesunate; Bcl-2; P53; Praziquantel; Schistosoma mansoni; protein bcl 2; protein p53; analysis of variance; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; Article; cell cycle arrest; clinical evaluation; controlled study; decapitation; developmental stage; drug efficacy; endemic disease; evaluation and follow up; feces analysis; gene expression; histopathology; immaturity; immunohistochemistry; inflammation; inflammatory cell; liver granuloma; male; monotherapy; morbidity; mouse; murine; nonhuman; parasite egg count; parasitological parameters; prevalence; retrospective study; schistosomiasis mansoni; single drug dose; small intestine; worm burden

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 13

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