Plasmablastic lymphoma: A review of current knowledge and future directions

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Elyamany G.; Al Mussaed E.; Alzahrani A.M.

Journal: Advances in Hematology

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd

Publication Date: 2015

Volume / Issue: Volume 2015

Article No.: 315289

ISSN: 16879104

DOI: 10.1155/2015/315289

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Retracted

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Elyamany G., Department of Pathology and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh, 11159, Saudi Arabia, Department of Hematology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Egypt; Al Mussaed E., Hematopathology Division, Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Alzahrani A.M., Department of Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), which frequently arises in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. PBL shows diffuse proliferation of large neoplastic cells resembling B-immunoblasts/plasmablasts, or with plasmacytic features and an immunophenotype of plasma cells. PBL remains a diagnostic challenge due to its peculiar morphology and an immunohistochemical profile similar to plasma cell myeloma (PCM). PBL is also a therapeutic challenge with a clinical course characterized by a high rate of relapse and death. There is no standard chemotherapy protocol for treatment of PBL. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-like regimens have been the backbone while more intensive regimens such as cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, high-dose methotrexate/ifosfamide, etoposide, high-dose cytarabine (CODOX-M/IVAC), or dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (DA-EPOCH) are possible options. Recently, a few studies have reported the potential value of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and thalidomide in PBL patients. The introduction of genes encoding artificial receptors called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and CAR-modified T cells targeted to the B cell-specific CD19 antigen have demonstrated promising results in multiple early clinical trials. The aim of this paper is to review the recent advances in epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics; therapy; and outcome in patients with PBL. © 2015 Ghaleb Elyamany et al.

Keywords

CD19 antigen; chimeric antigen receptor; cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; doxorubicin; etoposide; ifosfamide; methotrexate; prednisone; vincristine; autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; B lymphocyte; biopsy; cancer combination chemotherapy; cancer diagnosis; cancer epidemiology; cancer prevention; cancer prognosis; cell proliferation; differential diagnosis; drug megadose; fine needle aspiration biopsy; human; immunophenotyping; overall survival; pathogenesis; pathophysiology; plasmablastic lymphoma; priority journal; Review; T lymphocyte; treatment outcome

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 32

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