Climatic Factors Effects on Gastropods (Phylum: Mollusca): A Review of the Biodiversity of Freshwater, Marine, and Terrestrial Snails

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Ismail N.M.M.; Abuel-Enin H.M.; Ibrahim A.M.; Mansour S.M.

Journal: Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries

Publisher: Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Publication Date: 1 July 2026

Volume / Issue: Volume 30 / Issue 4

Pages: 3795–3816

ISSN: 11106131

DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2026.509208.8289

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Review

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Ismail N.M.M., Department of Environmental Research, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt; Abuel-Enin H.M., Department of Medical Malcology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt; Ibrahim A.M., Department of Medical Malcology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt; Mansour S.M., Department of Medical Malcology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Climate change is altering ecosystems worldwide through rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events, including heatwaves. Gastropods in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments are affected through changes in habitat characteristics, geographic distribution, abundance, physiology, and behavior. In freshwater systems, warming and drought can reduce dissolved oxygen and shrink suitable habitats. In marine environments, ocean acidification can impair shell formation and, under severe conditions, dissolve calcium-carbonate shells. In terrestrial habitats, increasing temperature and declining soil moisture can force snails into prolonged inactivity and increase desiccation risk. Effective climate information, predictive models, and early-warning systems are therefore essential for climate resilience, biodiversity conservation, and disease-risk management. Further comparative research is needed to clarify how phylogenetic history and adaptive variation influence heat tolerance and resilience among gastropod taxa. © 2026, Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Adaption; Climate change; Freshwater snails; Land snails; Marine snails; SDG 13; SDG 3

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 0

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