Evaluation of muscular apoptotic changes and myogenin gene expression in experimental trichinosis after stem cells and atorvastatin added to ivermectin treatment

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Hassan Z.R.; El-Sayed S.; Zekry K.M.; Ahmed S.G.; Hassan Abd_Elhamid A.; Salama D.E.A.; Taha A.K.; Mahmoud N.A.; Mohammed S.F.; Amin M.M.; Mohamed R.E.; Eraque A.M.S.; Mohamed S.A.; Abdelgalil R.M.; Atta S.A.; Fahmy N.T.; Badr M.S.

Journal: Experimental Parasitology

Publisher: Academic Press Inc.

Publication Date: October 2024

Volume / Issue: Volume 265

Article No.: 108823

ISSN: 144894

DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108823

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 39187057

Document Type: Article

Authors and Affiliations

Hassan Z.R., Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Departments of Parasitology, Benha National University (BNU), Qalyubia, Egypt; El-Sayed S., Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Zekry K.M., Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Ahmed S.G., Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Hassan Abd_Elhamid A., Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Salama D.E.A., Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Departments of Pathology, School of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt; Taha A.K., Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Mahmoud N.A., Physiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Mohammed S.F., Physiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Amin M.M., Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Mohamed R.E., Biochemestry, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Eraque A.M.S., Biochemestry, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Mohamed S.A., Biochemestry, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Abdelgalil R.M., Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Atta S.A., Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt; Fahmy N.T., Molecular Biology and Genomics, Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt; Badr M.S., Molecular Biology and Genetic-Bioinformatics Nano-Robot Diagnostics, Medical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Trichinosis is a common parasitic disease that affects the striated skeletal muscles, causing apoptotic and degenerative changes associated with myogenin expression in the affected myocytes. Hence, this study aimed to assess the ameliorative effects of stem cells and atorvastatin added to ivermectin on the infected myocytes during the muscular phase of murine trichinosis. 120 laboratory Swiss albino male mice were divided into 10 groups, and each group was subdivided into intestinal and muscular phases (each n = 6); uninfected control; untreated infected control; infected received ivermectin monotherapy; infected received atorvastatin monotherapy; infected received stem cells monotherapy; infected received ivermectin and atorvastatin dual therapy; infected received ivermectin and stem cells dual therapy; infected received atorvastatin and stem cells dual therapy; infected received ivermectin 0.2, atorvastatin 40, and stem cells triple therapy; and infected received ivermectin 0.1, atorvastatin 20, and stem cells triple therapy. Intestinal phase mice were sacrificed on the 5th day post-infection, while those of the muscular phase were sacrificed on the 35th day post-infection. Parasitological, histopathological, ultrastructural, histochemical, biochemical, and myogenin gene expression assessments were performed. The results revealed that mice that received ivermectin, atorvastatin, and stem cell triple therapies showed the maximum reduction in the adult worm and larvae burden, marked improvement in the underlying muscular degenerative changes (as was noticed by histopathological, ultrastructural, and histochemical Feulgen stain assessment), lower biochemical levels of serum NK-κB and tissue NO, and lower myogenin expression. Accordingly, the combination of stem cells, atorvastatin, and ivermectin affords a potential synergistic activity against trichinosis with considerable healing of the underlying degenerative sequel. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.

Keywords

Apoptosis; Atorvastatin; Feulgen; Myogenin; Stem cells; Trichinosis; Animals; Gene Expression; Ivermectin; Male; Mice; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Muscle, Skeletal; Stem Cell Transplantation; Trichinella spiralis; Trichinellosis; immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein; nitric oxide; adult; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; Article; biochemical analysis; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation; controlled study; Feulgen staining; histochemistry; histopathology; larva; monotherapy; mouse; muscle cell; nonhuman; parasitology; pathogen load; protein expression; synergistic effect; ultrastructure; worm; wound healing; animal; drug effect; drug therapy; genetics; metabolism; pathology; skeletal muscle; stem cell; transmission electron microscopy

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 1

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