Chemical Profiling, Molluscicidal Impact of Ethanolic Extract of Saussurea costus Root against Biomphlaria alexandrina Snails, Intermediate Host of Schistosoma mansoni

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Dokmak H.-A.A.; Mohamed T.S.; Mohamed A.S.

Journal: Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries

Publisher: Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health

Publication Date: 1 July 2024

Volume / Issue: Volume 28 / Issue 4

Pages: 469–500

ISSN: 11106131

DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2024.368463

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Dokmak H.-A.A., Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt; Mohamed T.S., Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt; Mohamed A.S., Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt

Abstract

The trematodes, specifically the genus Schistosoma, are responsible for causing the parasitic disease known as schistosomiasis. In this research, the aim was to utilize the extract of Saussurea costus root as a molluscicidal substance to target the snails, which act as the intermediary host for the parasite species and disrupt the life cycle of the parasite. During the investigation, Biomphalaria alexandrina snails were treated with S. costus root extract for twenty four hours, before undergoing a 24-hour recuperation phase. According to the results, the extract was found to have a molluscicidal potential, with a lethal concentration (LC90) of 113.70ppm. Hemocyte abnormalities in B. alexandrina snails were brought about by exposure to ethanolic extract's LC10 and LC25. Furthermore, histopathological changes were recognized in the hermaphrodite and digestive glands which were confirmed through transmission electron microscope imaging. The genotoxic effects of the extract were also investigated using the RAPD-PCR technique, revealing a decrease in genomic stability (GTS) to 25% at the LC25 concentration. Moreover, the root extract of S. costus has negative effects on the viability and infection of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia and cercariae. The study examined the effects of exposing the infected B. alexandrina snails with S. mansoni miracidia to the LC10 and LC25 concentrations of the root extract after 3 and 21 days. The analysis using GC/MS identified seven compounds in the extract. Therefore, the root extract of S. costus as a bio control agent could replace the chemical molluscicides in reducing schistosomiasis. © 2024, Egyptian Society for the Development of Fisheries and Human Health. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Antioxidants; B. alexandrina; GC/MS analysis; Phytochemical screening; Saussurea costus; Schistosoma mansoni

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 0

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