Anthropometry, laboratory, and PNPLA3 polymorphisms in a novel model for early identification and evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Mohamed A.A.; Al Dweik R.; Abdelghafour R.A.; Ramadan A.; Abbas A.M.; Samir H.H.; Muharram N.M.; Ahmed Elshiha R.I.; El-Salawy N.; Ghaith D.; Darwish M.K.; Abd El Salam S.M.; Sultan E.A.; Soliman A.S.; Ezz AL Arab M.; Elamir A.Y.; Mohamed A.A.; Hassanin A.-S.A.; Abouaggour A.A.M.; Hafez W.; Omran M.M.

Journal: Informatics in Medicine Unlocked

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd

Publication Date: 2024

Volume / Issue: Volume 48

Article No.: 101513

ISSN: 23529148

DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2024.101513

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Mohamed A.A., Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, GOTHI, Cairo, Egypt; Al Dweik R., Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Abu Dhabi University, PO Box 59911, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Abdelghafour R.A., Internal Medicine Department, Damanhour Teaching Hospital, Damanhour, Egypt; Ramadan A., Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Abbas A.M., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Samir H.H., Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Muharram N.M., Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt; Ahmed Elshiha R.I., Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; El-Salawy N., Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Ghaith D., Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Darwish M.K., Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt; Abd El Salam S.M., Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt; Sultan E.A., Clinical Nutrition Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt; Soliman A.S., Nutrition and Food Science Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt; Ezz AL Arab M., Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; Elamir A.Y., Radiology Department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo university, Giza, Egypt; Mohamed A.A., Intensive Case Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Warraq Al Arab, Giza Governorate, Al Warak, Giza, 3863130, Egypt; Hassanin A.-S.A., Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt; Abouaggour A.A.M., Mediclinic Al noor Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Hafez W., Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Ad Doqi, Cairo Governorate 12622, Egypt; Omran M.M., Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Some anthropometric, laboratory, and genetic variations, such as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) genetic variants, have been associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Liver biopsy is the most accurate NAFLD diagnostic method, but it is invasive; hence, noninvasive diagnostics are required for the early diagnosis and assessment of NAFLD. Patient and methods: This prospective case-control study included 107 NAFLD patients and 107 healthy controls. All individuals underwent anthropometric measurements, abdominal ultrasonography, laboratory tests, and evaluation for PNPLA3 polymorphisms. Results: Patients with NAFLD had higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) than healthy individuals (p = 0.03, p < 0.0001). Additionally, patients with NAFLD had substantially lower albumin (P = 0.01) and leptin (P < 0.0001) levels than healthy individuals. BMI leptin and CRP levels were independent indicators of NAFLD severity (p = 0.05–0.004). GG is the most prevalent genotype in patients with moderate to severe NAFLD. A novel model based on four markers (leptin, CRP, BMI, and PNPLA3 polymorphism) was developed. The AUC values for distinguishing between the healthy subjects and those with varying degrees of NAFLD severity (mild, moderate, and severe) were 0.99, 0.99, and 1.0, respectively. Conclusion: Anthropometric measurements, such as BMI and laboratory results, including liver enzymes, CRP, inflammatory markers, lipid parameters, and genetic markers, especially PNPLA3 polymorphisms, can provide an accurate, sensitive, and specific noninvasive approach for the early identification and assessment of NAFLD and can guide its management. This may minimize the need for liver biopsy to assess NAFLD. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings and verify the model in larger studies. © 2024

Keywords

PNPLA3; C-reactive protein; Diagnosis; Leptin; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Polymorphisms; albumin; C reactive protein; interleukin 6; patatin like phospholipase domain containing protein 3; protein; tumor necrosis factor; unclassified drug; adult; albumin blood level; anthropometry; Article; body mass; case control study; cohort analysis; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; diagnostic accuracy; diagnostic test accuracy study; disease severity; early diagnosis; echography; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; female; genetic polymorphism; genetic variation; genotype; hormone blood level; human; human cell; laboratory test; major clinical study; male; middle aged; nonalcoholic fatty liver; predictive model; predictive value; prospective study; protein blood level; receiver operating characteristic; sensitivity and specificity

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 1

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