Surfactant vesicles for enhanced antitoxoplasmic effect of norfloxacin: In vitro and in vivo evaluations

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Eid R.K.; Arafa M.F.; Ashour D.S.; Essa E.A.; El-Wakil E.S.; Younis S.S.; El Maghraby G.M.

Journal: International Journal of Pharmaceutics

Publisher: Elsevier B.V.

Publication Date: May 2023

Volume / Issue: Volume 638

Article No.: 122912

ISSN: 3785173

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122912

Scopus: View on Scopus

PubMed: 37015296

Document Type: Article

Authors and Affiliations

Eid R.K., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Arafa M.F., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Ashour D.S., Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Essa E.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; El-Wakil E.S., Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza, 12411, Egypt; Younis S.S., Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt; El Maghraby G.M., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

Abstract

The goal was to scrutinize niosomes as potential carriers for enhanced efficacy of norfloxacin against Toxoplasma gondii RH strain. This was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Standard niosomes of Span 60 and cholesterol were prepared. Gelucire 48/16 or Tween 80 was incorporated as hydrophilic fluidizer. The prepared vesicles were characterized for shape, size, viscosity and norfloxacin release. The in vitro anti-Toxoplasma was assessed by monitoring tachyzoites viability after incubation with niosomes. In vivo efficacy of niosomes encapsulated norfloxacin was evaluated on infected mice. Transmission electron micrographs showed nano-sized spherical vesicles. Norfloxacin release varied with niosomal composition to show faster liberation in presence of fluidizing agent. The half maximum effective concentration of norfloxacin against tachyzoites (EC50) was significantly reduced after niosomal encapsulation compared with simple drug solution with no significant difference between vesicular formulations. Tachyzoite count in the peritoneal fluid of infected mice was reduced by 45.2, 90.8, 88.3 and 84% after treatment with simple drug dispersion, standard niosomes, Gelucire containing and Tween containing vesicles, respectively compared to infected untreated mice. These results correlate with the in vitro data and reflects the efficacy of niosomes. The study introduced surfactant vesicles as a tool for enhanced efficacy of norfloxacin against toxoplasma. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

Gelucire; Niosomes; Norfloxacin; Surfactant vesicles; Toxoplasma gondii; Tween 80; Animals; Drug Compounding; Liposomes; Mice; Particle Size; Polysorbates; Surface-Active Agents; alcohol; cholesterol; niosome; polysorbate 80; sorbitan stearate; liposome; polysorbate; surfactant; animal experiment; animal model; antiprotozoal activity; Article; chemical composition; comparative study; controlled study; correlation coefficient; dispersion; dispersity; drug delivery system; drug efficacy; drug formulation; drug release; drug solution; EC50; encapsulation; evaluation study; female; fluidization; high performance liquid chromatography; hydrophilicity; in vitro study; in vivo study; mouse; nonhuman; parasite count; parasite viability; peritoneal fluid; photon correlation spectroscopy; tachyzoite; toxoplasmosis; transmission electron microscopy; viscosity; zeta potential; animal

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 14

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