Metabolomic Profiling, Antibacterial, and Molluscicidal Properties of the Medicinal Plants Calotropis procera and Atriplex halimus: In Silico Molecular Docking Study

Theodor Bilharz Research Institute

Bibliographic Information

Authors: Morad M.Y.; El-Sayed H.; El-Khadragy M.F.; Abdelsalam A.; Ahmed E.Z.; Ibrahim A.M.

Journal: Plants

Publisher: MDPI

Publication Date: 19 January 2023

Volume / Issue: Volume 12 / Issue 3

Article No.: 477

ISSN: 22237747

DOI: 10.3390/plants12030477

Scopus: View on Scopus

Document Type: Article

Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

Authors and Affiliations

Morad M.Y., Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt; El-Sayed H., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt; El-Khadragy M.F., Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia; Abdelsalam A., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt; Ahmed E.Z., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795, Egypt; Ibrahim A.M., Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt

Abstract

The potential of plant-based natural compounds in the creation of new molluscicidal and antimicrobial medications has gained attention in recent years. The current study compared the metabolic profiles, antibacterial, and molluscicidal properties of the medicinal plants Calotropis procera (C. procera) and Atriplex halimus (A. halimus). In both plants, 118 metabolites were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Palmitic acid, stigmasterol, and campesterol were the most prevalent constituents. C. procera extract showed stronger antibacterial activity than A. halimus against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Both extracts exhibited molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria alexandrina, with LC50 values of C. procera (135 mg/L) and A. halimus (223.8 mg/L). Survival rates of snails exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (LC25) of C. procera and A. halimus extracts were 5% and 20%, respectively. The hatchability of snail eggs exposed to both extracts has been dramatically reduced. Both extracts significantly decreased the levels of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, total protein, and albumin in snails, as well as causing DNA damage and resulting in numerous hermaphrodite and digestive gland damages and distortions. Molecular docking showed palmitic acid binding with acid, alkaline, and alanine aminotransferases in treated digestive gland snails. In conclusion, C. procera and A. halimus have antibacterial and molluscicidal properties. © 2023 by the authors.

Keywords

antimicrobial activity; Atriplex halimus; Biomphlaria alexandrina; Calotropis procera; GC/MS; medicinal plants; palmitic acid; schistosomiasis; Wadi Degla Protectorate

Citation Information

Scopus Citations: 27

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